Supplement, Vitamin and Herb Ingredient Glossary
Ingredient Glossary: Pa-Pn
- Pagoda Tree
- A tree. The seeds are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Chinese Scholartree, Huai Hua, Japanese Pagoda-Tree, Japanese Sophora, Sophora japonica, Soppora Japonica, Styphnolobium japonicum.
- Palm Oil
- Obtained from the oil of the palm tree.
- Also known as: Aceite de Palma, African Palm Oil, Crude Palm Oil, Elaeis guineensis, Elaeis melanococca, Fractionated Palm Kernel Oil, Huile de Palme, Main Ja, Oil Palm Tree, Palm, Palm Fruit Oil, Palm Kernel Oil, Palm Oil Carotene, Red Palm Oil.
- Panax Pseudoginseng
- A plant. The root is used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Aralia pseuodoginseng, Chai-Jen-Shen, Field Seven, Ginseng de Los Himalayas, Himalayan Ginseng, Jia Renshen, Nepal Ginseng, Noto-Gin, Notoginseng, Panax notoginseng, Panax notoginseng radix, Panax zingiberensis, Pseudoginseng Panax, Pseudoginseng Root, Sanchi, Samch'll, San Qi, San-Qi Ginseng, San Qui, Sanqi, Sanqi Powder, Sanshichi, Three Seven, Tian Qi, Tian San Qi, Tienchi, Tienchi Ginseng.
- Pancreatin
- Obtained from the pancreas of pigs or cows.
- Also known as: Enzyme Therapy, Fungal Pancreatin, Pancreatina, Pancréatine, Pancreatinum, Pancreatis Pulvis.
- Pangamic Acid
- A name used for a variety of chemicals. Natural sources are found in apricot kernels, rice bran, brewer's yeast, whole brown rice, sesame seeds, and pumpkin seeds.
- Also known as: Acide Pangamique, Ácido Pangámico, Calcium Pangamate, Calgam, Di-isopropylamine Dichloroacetate, Vitamin B15.
- Pantethine
- A dietary supplement related to the vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid).
- Also known as: Bis-pantothenamidoethyl disulfide, D-bis-(N-Pantothenyl-B-aminoethyl)-disulfide, D-Pantethine, Pantethine Octahydrate, Pantetina, Pantomin, Pantosin.
- Papain
- Taken from the fruit of the papaya tree.
- Also known as: Carica papaya, Papaina, Papaïne, Papainum Crudum, Plant Protease Concentrate, Protease, Vegetable Pepsin.
- Papaya
- A plant. The leaves are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Caricae Papayae Folium, Carica papaya, Chirbhita, Erandachirbhita, Erand Karkati, Green Papaya, Mamaerie, Melonenbaumblaetter, Melon Tree, Papaw, Papayas, Papaye, Papita.
- Pareira
- A plant. The root is used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Chondrodendron tomentosum, Ice Vine, Pareire, Pereira Brava, Velvet Leaf.
- Parsley
- An herb. The leaf, seed, and root are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Apium crispum, Apium Petroselinum, Carum Petroselinum, Common Parsley, Garden Parsley, Hamburg Parsley, Parsley Fruit, Parsley Oil, Parsley Root, Parsley Seed, Perejil, Persely, Persil, Petersylinge, Petroselini Fructus, Petroselini Herba, Petrosilini Radix, Petroselinum Crispum, Petroselinum Hortense, Petroselinum Sativum, Petroselinum vulgare, Prajmoda, Rock Parsley.
- Parsley Piert
- A plant. The above ground pieces are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Alchemilla arvensis, Aphanes arvensis, Alchemilla occidentalis, Field Lady's Mantle, Parsley Breakstone, Parsley Piercestone.
- Parsnip
- A plant. The above ground pieces and root are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Panais, Parsnip Herb, Parsnip Root, Pastinaca sativa, Pastinacae herba, Pastinacae Radix.
- Passionflower
- A plant. The above ground pieces are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Apricot Vine, Corona de Cristo, Fleischfarbige, Fleur de la Passion, Fleur de Passiflore, Flor de Passion, Grenadille, Madre Selva, Maracuja, Maypop, Maypop Passion Flower, Pasiflora, Passiflora, Passiflora incarnata, Passiflorae Herba, Passiflore, Passiflore Aubépine, Passiflore Officinale, Passiflore Purpurine, Passiflore Rouge, Passiflorina, Passion Vine, Passionaria, Passionblume, Passionflower Herb, Passionsblumenkraut, Purple Passion Flower, Water Lemon, Wild Passion Flower.
- Patchouly Oil
- An oil from a plant called Pogostemon cablin.
- Also known as: Agastach Pogostemi, Huile de Patchouli, Patchouli, Patchouly, Putcha-Pat, Huo xiang, Pogostemon cablin, Pogostemon heyneanus, Pogostemon patchouly.
- Pau D'Arco
- A tree. The bark and wood are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Bignonia heptaphylla, Ipe, Ipe Roxo, Ipes, Lapacho, Lapacho Colorado, Lapacho Morado, Purple Lapacho, Red Lapacho, Tabebuia avellanedae, Tabebuia heptaphylla, Tabebuia ipe, Tabebuia palmeri, Tabebuia impetiginosa, Taheebo, Taheebo Tea, Tecoma ipe, Trumpet Bush.
- Peanut Oil
- The oil from the seed, also called the nut, of the peanut plant.
- Also known as: Aceite de Cacahuete, Aceite de Maní, Arachis hypogaea, Earth-Nut, Groundnuts, Huile d'Arachide, Monkey Nuts, Peanut, Peanuts.
- Pear
- A tree. The fruit is used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Nashi Pear, Poir, Pyrus communis.
- Pectin
- A fiber found in fruits.
- Also known as: Apple Pectin, Citrus Pectin, Fruit Pectin, Grapefruit Pectin, Lemon Pectin, MCP, Modified Citrus Pectin, Pectina, Pectine, Pectinic Acid.
- Pellitory
- A plant. The root is used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Akarakarabha, Akarkara, Anacyclus pyrethrum, Anthemis pyrethrum, Pyrèthre d'Afrique, Spanish Pellitory.
- Pellitory-Of-The-Wall
- A plant. Used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Lichwort, Pariétaire Officinale, Parietaria officinalis, Pellitory of the Wall.
- Pennyroyal
- A plant. The oil and leaves are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: American Pennyroyal, European Pennyroyal, Hedeoma pulegioides, Lurk-In-The-Ditch, Melissa pulegioides, Mentha pulegium, Menthe Pouliot, Mosquito Plant, Penny Royal, Pennyroyal Leaf, Pennyroyal Oil, Piliolerial, Poleo, Pudding Grass, Pulegium, Pulegium vulgare, Run-By-The-Ground, Squaw Balm, Squawmint, Stinking Balm, Tickweed.
- Peony
- A plant. The root, flower, and seed are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Bai Shao, Chi Shao, Chinese Peony, Common Peony, Coral Peony, Cortex Moutan, European Peony, Jiu Chao Bai Shao, Moutan, Mu Dan Pi, Paeonia, Paeonia alba, Paeonia albiflora, Paeonia anomala, Paeonia arborea, Paeonia arietina, Paeonia beresowskii, Paeonia caucasica, Paeonia corallina, Paeonia corallina, Paeonia coriacea, Paeonia daurica, Paeonia japonica, Paeonia kavachensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Paeonia mascula, Paeonia microcarpa, Paeonia moutan, Paeonia obovata, Paeonia officinalis, Paeonia paradoxa, Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeonia triternata, Paeonia veitchii, Paeonia willmottiae, Paeonia woodwardii, Paeoniae Flos, Paeoniae Radix, Peonía, Peony Flower, Peony Root, Piney, Pivoine, Radix Paeoniae, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Radix Peony, Red Peony, Shakuyaku, Shao Yao, Tree Peony, Ud Saleeb, Udsalam, Udsalap, White Peony.
- Peppermint
- A plant. The leaf and oil are used as medicine.
- Also known as: Black Peppermint, Bo He, Brandy Mint, Chinese Peppermint, Corn Mint, Extract of Mentha Piperita, Extract of Peppermint, Extract of Peppermint Leaves, Extract of Peppermint Leaves, Extrait de Feuilles de Menthe de Poivrée, Extrait de Mentha Piperita, Extrait de Menthe Poivrée, Feuille de Menthe Poivrée, Field Mint, Herba Menthae, Huile de Mentha Piperita, Huile de Menthe Poivrée, Huile Essentielle de Menthe Poivrée, Lamb Mint, Menta Piperita, Mentha arvensis, Mentha halpocalyx, Mentha lavanduliodora, Mentha Oil, Mentha Piperita, Mentha Piperita Extract, Mentha Piperita Oil, Mentha x piperita, Menthae Piperitae Aetheroleum, Menthae Piperitae Folium, Menthe, Menthe Anglaise, Menthe Poivrée, Menthe Pouliot, Menthe Sauvage, Menthe Verte, Menthol, Mint, Mint Balm, Oil of Peppermint, Paparaminta, Peppermint Essential Oil, Peppermint Extract, Peppermint Leaf, Peppermint Leaf Extract, Peppermint Oil, Sentebon, Western Peppermint, Yerba Buena.
- Perilla
- An herb. The leaf and seed are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Beefsteak Plant, Dentidia nankinensis, Japanese Basil, Ocimum frutescens, Perilla arguta, Perilla frutescens, Perilla nankinensis, Perilla ocymoides, Perilla Oil, Perilla Seed Oil, Purple Mint, Shiso, Silam, Wild Coleus, Zi Su.
- Perillyl Alcohol
- A chemical. Found in plants such as lavender and citrus fruits.
- Also known as: Dihydroperillic Acid, Monoterpene Perillyl Alcohol, Perillic Acid, Perillyl, Perilyl, Perrillyl, POH.
- Periwinkle
- An herb. The above ground pieces are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Common Periwinkle, Earlyflowering, Evergreen, Lesser Periwinkle, Myrtle, Petite Pervenche, Small Periwinkle, Vinca minor, Vincae Minoris Herba, Vincapervinca, Wintergreen.
- Peru Balsam
- An herb. The oily sap from the bark is used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Balsamum Peruvianum, Baume du Pérou, Black Balsam, Indian Balsam, Myroxylon balsamum pereirae, Myroxylon pereirae, Peruvian Balsam.
- Peyote
- A cactus. The above ground pieces are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Devil's Root, Dumpling Cactus, Lophophora williamsii, Magic Mushrooms, Mescal Buttons, Mescaline, Pellote, Sacred Mushroom.
- Pheasant's Eye
- An herb. The above ground pieces are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Adonis Herba, Adonis Vernal, Adonis vernalis, Eléboro Falso, False Hellebore, Ojo de Perdiz, Oxeye, Pheasants Eye, Red Morocco, Rose-A-Rubie, Sweet Vernal, Yellow Pheasant's Eye.
- Phellodendron
- A plant. The bark is used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Amur Cork Bark, Amur Cork Tree, Amur Corktree, Corktree, Cortex Phellodendri, Huang Bai, Huang Bo, Phellodendri Cortex, Phellodendron amurense.
- Phenibut
- A chemical. Similar to a brain chemical called GABA.
- Also known as: 4-Amino-3-Phenylbutyric Acid, Beta-Phenyl-GABA, Beta-phenyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid, Fenibut, Phenyl-GABA.
- Phenylalanine
- An amino acid.
- Also known as: 2-amino-3-phenyl-propanoic acid, Alpha-aminohydrocinnamic Acid, Beta-phenyl-alanine, DLPA, D-Phenylalanine, DL-Phenylalanine, Fenilalanina, L-Phenylalanine, Phenylalanine Ethyl Ester HCl, Phenylalanine Isovaleric Acid, Phenylalanine Methyl Ester HCl.
- Phleum Pratense
- A plant. The pollen from this plant is used as a medicine.
- Also known as: Phleum Pretense, Timothy, Timothy Grass.
- Phosphate Salts
- Refers to many different combinations of the chemical phosphate with salts and minerals.
- Also known as: Aluminum Phosphate; Calcium Phosphate: Bone Ash, Bone Phosphate, Calcium Orthophosphate, Calcium Phosphate Dibasic Anhydrous, Calcium Phosphate Dibasic Dihydrate, Calcium Phosphate Tribasic, Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Dihydrate, Di-Calcium Phosphate, Dicalcium Phosphate, Dicalcium Phosphates, Magnesium Phosphate, Merisier, Neutral Calcium Phosphate, Precipitated Calcium Phosphate, Tertiary Calcium Phosphate, Tricalcium Phosphate, Whitlockite; Potassium Phosphate: Dibasic Potassium Phosphate, Dipotassium Hydrogen Orthophosphate, Dipotassium Monophosphate, Dipotassium Phosphate, Monobasic Potassium Phosphate, Potassium Acid Phosphate, Potassium Biphosphate, Potassium Dihydrogen Orthophosphate, Potassium Hydrogen Phosphate; Sodium Phosphate: Anhydrous Sodium Phosphate, Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Disodium Hydrogen Orthophosphate, Disodium Hydrogen Orthophosphate Dodecahydrate, Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate, Disodium Phosphate, Phosphate of Soda, Sales de Fosfato, Sels de Phosphate, Sodium Orthophosphate.
- Phosphatidylcholine
- A chemical contained in eggs, soybeans, and other foods.
- Also known as: 1,2-diacyl-:ussn:ueglycero-3-phosphocholine, Fosfatidilcolina, Lipodissolve, Lipolight, Lipolyse, Lipotherapy, Phosphatidyl Choline, Phospholipid, Phospholipon, Polyenylphosphatidylcholine, PtdCho.
- Phosphatidylserine
- A chemical. The body can make phosphatidylserine, but gets most of it from foods.
- Also known as: BC-PS, Bovine Cortex Phosphatidylserine, Bovine Phosphatidylserine, Fosfatidilserina, LECI-PS, Lecithin Phosphatidylserine, Phosphatidylsérine, Phosphatidyl Serine, PS, PtdSer, Soy-PS, Soy Phosphatidylserine.
- Picrorhiza
- A plant. The root and rhizome (underground stem)are used for medicine.
- Also known as: Hu Huang Lian, Katki, Katuka, Katuko, Katurohini, Katvi, Kuru, Kutki, Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora, Picrorhiza kurroia, Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora, Picrorhiza Urrooa, Picroriza, Xi Zang Hu Huang Lian.
- Pimpinella
- An herb. The root and above ground pieces are used as medicine.
- Also known as: Bibernellkraut, Boucage Saxifrage, Burnet Saxifrage, Greater Burnet-Saxifrage, Pimpernell, Pimpinella magna, Pimpinella major, Pimpinella saxifrage, Pimpinellae Herba, Pimpinellae Radix, Saxifrage.
- Pine
- A tree. The sprouts, needles, and bark are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Dwarf-Pine, Monterey Pine, Pine Essential Oil, Pine Needle Oil, Pine Oils, Pini Atheroleum, Pini Turiones, Pino, Pinus radiata, Pinus sylvestris, Pix Liquida, Pumilio Pine, Scotch Fir, Scotch Pine, Swiss Mountain Pine.
- Pinellia Ternata
- A plant. The tuber is used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Arisaema cochinchinense, Arum dracontium, Arum ternatum, Banha, Ban Xia, P. Ternata, Pinellia, Pinellia cochinchinense, Pinellia ternata tuber, Pinellia Tuber, Pinelliae Tuber, Pinellia tubiferia, Pinellia wawrae, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparata.
- Pink Root
- An herb. The dried root and bulb are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: American Wormgrass, Carolina Pink, Indian Pink, Lonicera marilandica, Maryland Pink, Spigelia anthelmia, Spigelia marilandica, Spigélie du Maryland, Starbloom, Wormgrass.
- Pinus Bark
- A plant. The bark is used as medicine.
- Also known as: Canada Pitch, Canadian Hemlock, Eastern Hemlock, Hemlock Bark, Hemlock Gum, Hemlock Spruce, Hemlocktanne, Pruche de l'Est, Pruche du Canada, Tsuga canadensis.
- Pipsissewa
- An herb. The above ground pieces are used to make medicine.
- Also known as: Bitter Winter, Bitter Wintergreen, Chimaphila, Chimaphila corymbosa, Chimaphila umbellata, Chimaphile à Ombelles, Ground Holly, Holly, King's Cure, King's Cureall, Love in Winter, Prince's Pine, Rheumatism Weed, Spotted Wintergreen, Umbellate Wintergreen.